Solaris UFS partitioning and RAID mirroring for the X4500
My first try at getting a Solaris partitioning (most of this is taken from an excellent howto by www.gravity.phy.syr.edu
):
fdisk types
- EFI: Extensible Firmware Interface. Used when a whole disk is added to ZFS
- SMI: Sun Microsystems Inc. This is the legacy disk type. Use this to make a bootable classical UFS setup (?)
for a description of features and limitations of the two fdisk types.
Make sure that the disks are of the correct fdisk types. This can be checked by e.g. using the hd -a command:
hd -a
fdisk
Device Serial Vendor Model Rev Temperature Type
------ ------ ------ ----- ---- ----------- ----
...
c6t0d0p0 F402P6G3N3EF ATA HITACHI HUA7250S A90A None Solaris2
....
c6t4d0p0 F402P6G3N3TF ATA HITACHI HUA7250S A90A None EFI
The fdisk type can be changed by using the -e (extended) option to the fdisk command.
format -e
Searching for disks...done
AVAILABLE DISK SELECTIONS:
...
28. c6t4d0
/pci@1,0/pci1022,7458@4/pci11ab,11ab@1/disk@4,0
...
Specify disk (enter its number): 28
selecting c6t4d0
[disk formatted]
format> current
Current Disk = c6t4d0
/pci@1,0/pci1022,7458@4/pci11ab,11ab@1/disk@4,0
format> label
[0] SMI Label
[1] EFI Label
Specify Label type[1]: 0
Warning: This disk has an EFI label. Changing to SMI label will erase all
current partitions.
Continue? y
Auto configuration via format.dat[no]?
Auto configuration via generic SCSI-2[no]?
The current rpm value 0 is invalid, adjusting it to 3600
You must use fdisk to delete the current EFI partition and create a new
Solaris partition before you can convert the label.
I then used fdisk to delete partition 1 and recreate a "Solaris2" partition.
Solaris UFS partitioning for the X4500
In the Solaris10 DVD installation, I used the following manual layout for the boot and system disk:
Customize Disk: c6t0d0
Boot Disk: c6t0d0
Entry: Recommended: Cyls Minimum: Cyls
================================================================================
Slice Mount Point Size (Cyls) Start Cyl End Cyl
0 / 59793 1005 60797
1 swap 1000 1 1000
2 overlap 60798 0 60797 (look at comment below)
3 2 1001 1002 (for meta DB)
4 2 1003 1004 (for meta DB)
5 0 0 0
6 0 0 0
7 0 0 0
================================================================================
Solaris Partition Size: 60800 Cyls
OS Overhead: 3 Cyls
Usable Capacity: 60797 Cyls
Allocated: 60797 Cyls
Free: 0 Cyls
overlap: This partition or Solaris slice is some Solaris internal thing and covers the whole of the disk. The other partitions
seem to live inside it. Just ignore it and leave the values as they are.
In MB this amounts to:
Slice Mount Point Size (MB)
0 / 469030
1 swap 7844
2 overlap 476913
3 15
4 15
Setting up RAID mirroring
We'll set up the RAID mirror on the second disk that can be used as a boot disk. Using thehd command, we can identify this disk as c6t4.
The prtvtoc command can be used to print the partition table of a disk (Note that for the disk name, the special slice s2 is used, i.e. the one named overlap that contains all the others):
Create partition layout on the mirror disk
prtvtoc /dev/dsk/c6t0d0s2
* /dev/dsk/c6t0d0s2 partition map
*
* Dimensions:
* 512 bytes/sector
* 63 sectors/track
* 255 tracks/cylinder
* 16065 sectors/cylinder
* 60800 cylinders
* 60798 accessible cylinders
*
* Flags:
* 1: unmountable
* 10: read-only
*
* First Sector Last
* Partition Tag Flags Sector Count Sector Mount Directory
0 2 00 16145325 960574545 976719869 /
1 3 01 16065 16065000 16081064
2 5 00 0 976719870 976719869
3 0 00 16081065 32130 16113194
4 0 00 16113195 32130 16145324
8 1 01 0 16065 16064
The information from the prtvtoc output can be piped into the fmthard command to create the same layout on another disk. We use this for the intended mirror disk.
prtvtoc /dev/dsk/c6t0d0s2 | fmthard -s - /dev/rdsk/c6t4d0s2 fmthard: New volume table of contents now in place.
Initialize the Solaris RAID metadata table on the unassigned slices
metadb -af -c 2 /dev/dsk/c6t0d0s3 /dev/dsk/c6t0d0s4 metadb -af -c 2 /dev/dsk/c6t4d0s3 /dev/dsk/c6t4d0s4The
metadb command should report the following
metadb
flags first blk block count
a u 16 8192 /dev/dsk/c6t0d0s3
a u 8208 8192 /dev/dsk/c6t0d0s3
a u 16 8192 /dev/dsk/c6t0d0s4
a u 8208 8192 /dev/dsk/c6t0d0s4
a u 16 8192 /dev/dsk/c6t4d0s3
a u 8208 8192 /dev/dsk/c6t4d0s3
a u 16 8192 /dev/dsk/c6t4d0s4
a u 8208 8192 /dev/dsk/c6t4d0s4
Set up the meta devices
Themetainit command is used to set up the meta devices -
-fforces the metainit command to continue even if one of the slices contains a mounted file system or is being used as swap, or if the stripe being created is smaller in size than the underlying soft partition. This option is required when configuring mirrors on root (/), swap, and /usr. -
d10(concat/stripe): the name we assign to the metadevice -
1(numstripes): For a simple stripe numstripes is always 1 (q.v. man page) -
1(width): Specifies the number of slices that make up a stripe. When width is greater than 1, the slices are striped. - /dev/dsk/c6t0d0s0 (component): The logical name for the physical slice (partition) on a disk drive
metainit -f d10 1 1 /dev/dsk/c6t0d0s0 d10: Concat/Stripe is setup metainit -f d11 1 1 /dev/dsk/c6t4d0s0 d11: Concat/Stripe is setup
Add disks and configure root metadevice
We now create a mirror set (-m flag) with name d1 and add the first drive to it
metainit d1 -m d10 d1: Mirror is setupThe
metaroot command sets up the files for a root filesystem metadevice.
metaroot -n d1 # -n flag just lists what would be done. This command changes many config files metaroot d1
Create mirror for the swap partition
Disable the swap device and check with theswap -l command whether No swap devices configured is reported back.
swap -d /dev/dsk/c6t0d0s1 /dev/dsk/c6t0d0s1 was dump device -- invoking dumpadm(1M) -d swap to select new dump device dumpadm: no swap devices are available swap -l No swap devices configuredSet up the partitions to use for the swap disk mirror with
metainit d20 1 1 c6t0d0s1 metainit d21 1 1 c6t4d0s1 metainit d2 -m d20 metattach d2 d21
metainit d20 1 1 c6t0d0s1 d20: Concat/Stripe is setup metainit d21 1 1 c6t4d0s1 d21: Concat/Stripe is setup metainit d2 -m d20 d2: Mirror is setup metattach d2 d21 d2: submirror d21 is attachedEdit the file /etc/vfstab and change the line
/dev/dsk/c6t0d0s1 - - swap - no -to
/dev/md/dsk/d2 - - swap - no -
Reboot and attach the the second mirror disk
Reboot the machineinit 6Attach the second root sub-mirror to the RAID with
metattach d1 d11 d1: submirror d11 is attached
Copy the boot loader files
installgrub /boot/grub/stage1 /boot/grub/stage2 /dev/rdsk/c6t4d0s0 Solaris boot partition inactive. stage1 written to partition 0 sector 0 (abs 16065) stage2 written to partition 0, 265 sectors starting at 50 (abs 16115)
Check setup
Themetastat command will now show the following summary for the created meta devices. Note, that it also reports on the state of the synchronization for the mirror devices.
metastat
d2: Mirror
Submirror 0: d20
State: Okay
Submirror 1: d21
State: Okay
Pass: 1
Read option: roundrobin (default)
Write option: parallel (default)
Size: 16065000 blocks (7.7 GB)
d20: Submirror of d2
State: Okay
Size: 16065000 blocks (7.7 GB)
Stripe 0:
Device Start Block Dbase State Reloc Hot Spare
c6t0d0s1 0 No Okay Yes
d21: Submirror of d2
State: Okay
Size: 16065000 blocks (7.7 GB)
Stripe 0:
Device Start Block Dbase State Reloc Hot Spare
c6t4d0s1 0 No Okay Yes
d1: Mirror
Submirror 0: d10
State: Okay
Submirror 1: d11
State: Resyncing
Resync in progress: 1 % done
Pass: 1
Read option: roundrobin (default)
Write option: parallel (default)
Size: 960574545 blocks (458 GB)
d10: Submirror of d1
State: Okay
Size: 960574545 blocks (458 GB)
Stripe 0:
Device Start Block Dbase State Reloc Hot Spare
c6t0d0s0 0 No Okay Yes
d11: Submirror of d1
State: Resyncing
Size: 960574545 blocks (458 GB)
Stripe 0:
Device Start Block Dbase State Reloc Hot Spare
c6t4d0s0 0 No Okay Yes
Device Relocation Information:
Device Reloc Device ID
c6t4d0 Yes id1,sd@SATA_____HITACHI_HUA7250S______GTA460P6G45WXF
c6t0d0 Yes id1,sd@SATA_____HITACHI_HUA7250S______GTA460P6G45U0F
More Information
Partitioning troubles
Note: I guess this was due to non-matching fdisk types (see above). Probably could have been solved that way On an older X4500 (t3fs06) I was not able to create a root partition with more than 1023 cylinders of size.
The root (/) file system must lie entirely within the first 1023
cylinders of the disk drive which contains it.
Customize Disk: c6t0d0
Boot Disk: c6t0d0
Entry: Recommended: Cyls Minimum: Cyls
================================================================================
Slice Mount Point Size (Cyls) Start Cyl End Cyl
0 / 1010 1 1010
1 swap 1000 1011 2010
2 overlap 60798 0 60797
3 2 2011 2012
4 2 2013 2014
5 /usr 1000 2015 3014
6 /var 1012 3015 4026
7 /opt 56771 4027 60797
================================================================================
Solaris Partition Size: 60800 Cyls
OS Overhead: 3 Cyls
Usable Capacity: 60797 Cyls
Allocated: 60797 Cyls
Free: 0 Cyls
-- DerekFeichtinger - 08 Jan 2009 
Topic revision: r7 - 2009-07-27 - DerekFeichtinger
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